Journal of Education and Research

Learning Goes Beyond School: A Case Study
Saroj Raj Gosai 1
More Detail
1 Kathmandu University School of Education, Lalitpur, Nepal
Original Article

Journal of Education and Research, Volume 14, Issue 2, 2024, 74-99, https://doi.org/10.51474/jer/17788

Online publication date: Sep 25, 2024

Publication date: Sep 30, 2024

Views: 317 | Downloads: 37

How to cite this article
APA
In-text citation: (Gosai, 2024)
Reference: Gosai, S. R. (2024). Learning Goes Beyond School: A Case Study. Journal of Education and Research, 14(2), 74-99. https://doi.org/10.51474/jer/17788
Vancouver
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Gosai SR. Learning Goes Beyond School: A Case Study. Journal of Education and Research. 2024;14(2):74-99. https://doi.org/10.51474/jer/17788
AMA
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Gosai SR. Learning Goes Beyond School: A Case Study. Journal of Education and Research. 2024;14(2), 74-99. https://doi.org/10.51474/jer/17788
Chicago
In-text citation: (Gosai, 2024)
Reference: Gosai, Saroj Raj. "Learning Goes Beyond School: A Case Study". Journal of Education and Research 2024 14 no. 2 (2024): 74-99. https://doi.org/10.51474/jer/17788
Harvard
In-text citation: (Gosai, 2024)
Reference: Gosai, S. R. (2024). Learning Goes Beyond School: A Case Study. Journal of Education and Research, 14(2), pp. 74-99. https://doi.org/10.51474/jer/17788
MLA
In-text citation: (Gosai, 2024)
Reference: Gosai, Saroj Raj "Learning Goes Beyond School: A Case Study". Journal of Education and Research, vol. 14, no. 2, 2024, pp. 74-99. https://doi.org/10.51474/jer/17788
ABSTRACT
Through the life history approach of research, biographical details, direct observations and interviews with a person, the article justifies that learning is not limited to formal settings. Knowledge, skills, or attitudes are acquired in unstructured, spontaneous, and non-curriculum-based contexts. It is not only the formal education institutions that provide education; it is also the society, the family, the circumstances, and many other factors that enhance and aid the learning process. Experiential and informal learning theories apply to a person's learning process. The article exemplifies education as a lived, nonlinear process - shaped by poverty, mentorship, and self-reinvention. The article suggests that knowledge and learning should not be attested only by degrees and diplomas awarded to only those who attend schools and colleges. It challenges policymakers to legitimize informal learning, confront caste-based exclusion, and center indigenous knowledge in heritage economies.
KEYWORDS
REFERENCES
  1. Akella, B. (2010). Learning together: Kolb’s experiential theory and its application.
  2. iNaturalist. (n.d.). Heteropneustes fossilis (Asian stinging catfish). https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/56116-Heteropneustes-fossilis
  3. Bandura, A. (1971). Social learning theory. Standford University.
  4. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215.
  5. Bartle, E. (2015). Experiential learning, an overview. A discussion paper. The University of Queensland.
  6. Bauer, G. B., Dubanoski, R., Yamauchi, L. A., & Honbo, K. M. (1990). Corporal punishment and the schools. Education and Urban Society, 22(3), 285-299.
  7. Becker-Ritterspach, R. O. A. (2024). Nepal: Urban renewal - The restoration of Bhaktapur. https://www.fao.org/4/l2680e/l2680e01.htm
  8. Bentley, T. (1998). Learning beyond the classroom. Routledge. https://monoskop.org/images/1/17/Illich_Ivan_Deschooling_Society.pdf
  9. Berridge, D., Brodie, I., Pitts, J., Porteous, D., & Tarling, R. (2001). The independent effects of permanent exclusion from school on the offending careers of young people.
  10. Bourdieu, P. (1974). The school as a conservative force. In J. Eggleston (Ed.), Contemporary research in the sociology of education. Methuen
  11. Cherry, K. (2024). Positive reinforcement and operant conditioning. How rewards can help build better habits. https://shorturl.at/udvs6
  12. Coombs, P. H., & Ahmed, M. (1974). Attacking rural poverty. How non-formal education can help. John Hopkins University Press.
  13. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2017). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage.
  14. Demirtas, H. (2020). Epistemic injustice. https://tinyurl.com/4exwypzy
  15. Dewey, J. (1913). Interest and effort in education. Riverside Press
  16. Dhuli, B. B. & Dhuli, E. (2024). Marriage and the obligations arising from it. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development, 11(1).
  17. Fricker, M. (2007). Epistemic injustice. Power and the ethics of knowing. Oxford University Press.
  18. Fromm, E. (1961). The nature of man: The concept of human. https://www.marxists.org/archive/fromm/works/1961/man/ch04.htm
  19. Gershoff, E. T. (2002). Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: A meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 539–579.
  20. Gosai, S. R. (2022). Indigenous knowledge and learning process in Newar society: Ethnography of Sikamī of Bhaktapur, Nepal [Unpublished MPhil dissertation]. Kathmandu University.
  21. Government of South Australia. (n.d.). Iceberg model trauma information guide, understanding and responding to stealing. https://tinyurl.com/mwbec77a
  22. Harackeiwicz, J. M. & Hulleman, C. S. (2009). The Importance of Interest: The role of achievement goals and task values in promoting the development of interest. Social and Personality Psychology Compass.
  23. Haiyudi, H., Rerante, R. C., & Art-in, S. (2023). Reinforcement and punishment: The concepts teachers need to be carefully watched. International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application, 6(1), 52-60. https://doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.v6i1.13552
  24. Illich, I. (1970). Deshooling society. CIDOC.
  25. Knowles, M. S. (1975). Self-directed learning: A guide for learners and teachers. Association Press.
  26. Kolb, D. A. (2015). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Pearson Education.
  27. Kuhn, A. (1995). Family secrets: Acts of memory and imagination. London Verso.
  28. Kumar, N., Ravindra, S., & Aithal, A. P. (2016). The effect of listening to music on concentration and academic performance of the student: Cross-sectional study on medical undergraduate students. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological and Chemical Sciences, 7(6), 1190-1195.
  29. Loeng, S. (2020). Self-directed learning: A core concept in adult education. Educatiional Research International. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3816132
  30. Lucas, M., & Moreira, A. (2009). Bridging formal and informal learning–A case study on students’ perceptions of the use of social networking tools. Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines, 5794, 325–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04636-0
  31. Marx, K. (1844). Economic and philosophic manuscripts of 1844. Routledge.
  32. McLeod, S. (2024). Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development.
  33. Nebavi, R. H., & Bijandi, M. S. (2012). Bandura's social learning theory & social cognitive learning theory.
  34. Peterson, R. (2014). Corporal punishment. University of Nebraska.
  35. Sharma, M. K. (2020). Street children in Nepal: Causes and health status. Journal of Health Promotion, 8, 129–140.
  36. Sharma, S., & Mann, N. (2018). Workplace discrimination: The most critical issue in managing diversity. In N. Sharma, V. Singh, & S. Pathak (Eds.), Management techniques for a diverse and cross-cultural workforce (pp. 206-223). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4933-8.ch012
  37. Stewart, L. (n.d). Life history research. https://atlasti.com/research-hub/life-history-research
  38. Smith, L. T. (2008). Decolonizing methologies. Research and indigenous peoples. Zed Books.
  39. Sullivan, A. (2001). Cultural capital and educational attainment. University College of London.
  40. Vostanis, P., & Bell, C. A. (2020). Counseling and psychotherapy post-COVID-19. Counseling and Psychotherapy Research, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12325
LICENSE